Q. Could ufo's be coming here from planets hundreds of light years away?
A. If relativity is true and they don’t have FTL (Faster than Light Technology), then no — not in any practical sense. If relativity is false, or they can travel faster than the speed of light, then maybe.
Here’s the breakdown:
1.) The distance problem under normal physics--100 light years = 588 trillion miles.
With rockets we can build:- (Example #1, Voyager: 38,000 mph) Gets here in 1.8 million years. (Example #2, Project a nuclear pulse ship): at 3% of the speed of light, it gets here in 3,300 years.
So a biological crew arriving from 100 light years away would need suspended animation, generation ships, or lifespans of thousands of years. Possible, but it makes “popping in to buzz a Navy jet” pretty unlikely. You’d spend millennia to do a flyby.
Relativity makes it worse: Time dilation helps the travelers. At 99.999% the speed of light, 100 ly takes them 5 months ship time. But 100 years still passes on Earth and on their home planet. So a round trip is 200+ years minimum for the civilization. You can’t do regular commuting.
Most reported UAPs from the 2004 Nimitz, 2015 Gimbal/GoFast (GOFAST and GIMBAL are the official file names given to three declassified infrared videos released by the U.S. Navy in 2020.) etc have these traits:
No sonic boom at Mach 10+: Means no interaction with air. Antigravity? Field propulsion? Way beyond known physics.
Instant acceleration:
600g+acceleration that would turn biological crew to paste. It implies either unmanned drones, or inertial dampening + Faster than light-level tech.
Transmedium travel:
Air→water with no splash. Suggests same--field propulsion.
Daily sightings:
If each trip takes centuries, you’d need thousands of ships in transit constantly to get 1 per day. So if UAPs are interstellar craft, they’re not using rockets. They already solved Faster than Light or reactionless drive.
Can they be from 100 ly away?
Only if at least one of these is true:
1.) Our physics is incomplete: Faster than light/field propulsion exists and someone figured it out.
2.).Relativity is wrong--There’s a preferred frame, so FTL doesn’t cause time paradoxes. God existing would make this easier to swallow philosophically.
3.) They’re incredibly patient--Launched probes thousands of years ago and we’re just now in the arrival window.
If relativity holds and FTL is impossible, then 100 ly visitors are wildly improbable. The energy, time, and boredom costs are absurd for the behavior reported.
Q. Does the available data on ufo's/uap's better suite the extraterrestrial hypothesis, the extradimensional hypothesis, or the demonic hypothesis?
A. Short answer: The public data doesn’t cleanly “fit” any of them. Each hypothesis explains some pieces and chokes on others.
What we actually have?
From ODNI (Office of the Director of National Intelligence) reports 2021, 2023, NASA UAP study 2023, and military videos GIMBAL, GOFAST (official file names given to three declassified infrared videos released by the U.S. Navy in 2020), FLIR (Forward Looking Infrared--the name of the advanced thermal imaging and targeting pod mounted on F/A-18 fighter Jets.)
1.) Objects with no wings, no heat plume, instant acceleration
2.) Multiple pilot reports + radar + Foward Looking Infrared. Confirmed by Department of Defense as real objects, not sensor glitch.
3.) Transmedium:
air → water.
4.) Pilot testimony + sonar tracks.
(In 2019 Navy cases. No public hard sensor data. “Cube in sphere” / Tic-Tac shape Visual + radar.)
5.) Consistent across years.
No crash wreckage / bodies. Nothing verifiable in public data. All claims are hearsay.
6.) Interacts with military assets. 2004 Nimitz, 2014-2015 East Coast.
7.) Objects loiter near carrier groups, training areas. No clear hostility. No confirmed attacks. A few “near misses.” Global + historical Reports from 1940s onward, all countries, all cultures.
(Everything else — abductions, cattle mutilation, recovered bodies — isn’t in the official dataset.)
Here’s how the main patterns in the unclassified UAP data map to each idea.
Theory #1.) Extraterrestrial hypothesis: “Nuts and bolts from another star."
What fits?
1.) Radar returns.
2.) Forward Looking Infrared Lock.
3.) Multiple witnesses.
4.) Behaves like a craft, not a hallucination.
5.) Tech disparity. 600g acceleration, no sonic boom, transmedium. Exactly what you’d expect if someone had 1000 years on us.
6.) Military interest. They hang around nukes, carriers, space launches. Rational surveillance behavior.
What doesn’t fit?
1.)The commute problem: We just covered it. 100 ly without FTL is insane for the frequency of sightings. So you must add warp drive or generation ships.
2.) No “why are they here” logic: If they can cross stars, why play tag with F/A-18s for 20 years? Why no open contact? Why no Von Neumann probes on the Moon we’d spot?
3.) Crash rate: If they’re physical craft and they’ve been here 70+ years, we should have at least one good wreck. Roswell-level stories aren’t substantiated.
*Score*: Explains the “machine-like” behavior best. Fails on logistics unless you grant FTL.
Theory # 2.) Extradimensional hypothesis: “They’re here, just phase-shifted."
Idea: Adjacent 3D space, bulk universe, parallel timeline. Not from a star, but from “sideways.”
What fits?
1.) No heat, no sonic boom. If they’re not fully in our spacetime, or they warp space around them, you’d expect exactly that.
2.) Pop in/out:
Many cases begin with object “fading in” on radar. Entering/leaving our 3D slice would look like that.
3.) Transmedium:
If water/air is the same to them, or they control local spacetime, surface tension means nothing.
4.) Solves distance: No 100 ly trip. They’re “next door.” Commute is trivial.
What doesn’t fit?
1.) Still physical enough for radar: If they’re 4D, why do 3D radar pulses bounce? Why do they displace air?
2.) Ad hoc: We have zero physics for “dimensions” you can park in. String theory has 11D but they’re compact, not places you fly to.
3.) Predictive power: It explains everything by adding an invisible realm. Hard to test. Every weird trait becomes “because dimensions.”
Solves the travel problem beautifully. But it’s a science-y way of saying “magic” until we have a mechanism.
Theory #3.). Demonic hypothesis: “Non-physical intelligences, preternatural”*
This is Jacques Vallée’s “control system” + Thomistic angelology version. Not little green men, but entities that manipulate perception and matter.
What fits?
1.) High strangeness: Absurd details — telepathy, missing time, religious parallels, tendency to mirror culture. Vallée documented that UFO lore = fairy lore = demon lore across centuries.
2.) Psychic component: Many close-encounter cases report life changes, poltergeist effects, synchronicities. More like religious experience than engineering.
3.) Deception motifs: They look like scout ships in 1950s, triangular craft in 1990s, drones today. Always just ahead of our tech, never clearly one thing.
4.) Effect on nukes: 1967 Malmstrom AFB, 10 ICBMs go offline as UFO hovers. If the point is “you’re not in control,” that’s effective theater.
What doesn’t fit?
1) Radar + Forward Looking Infrared: Demons classically don’t show up on Raytheon gear. If they’re purely spiritual, why a radar cross-section? You have to add “they can make matter” which makes them omnipotent-lite.
2.) Crash retrieval claims: If they’re non-physical, why would we allegedly recover metal? Every “material” claim cuts against this.
3. Non-falsifiable: Like extradimensional, it explains any data by saying “they wanted it that way.”
*Score*: Best fit for the _psychological/absurd side of cases. Worst fit for the nuts-and-bolts military sensor data.
---
So which does the public data “favor”?
Hypothesis
#1 Explains kinematics, Needs new physics (Faster Than Light or long duration.)
#2 Explains commute
#3 Explains high strangeness.
One set of data pushes you to the demonic or extradimensional Hypothesis, the other to the Extraterrestrial Hypothesis. The infuriating part is that both sets of data exist, and they seem to refer to the same phenomenon. The Tic-Tac was tracked on radar, and the pilots felt “something watching them”
Bottom line:
If you only had the military sensor data: ET with FTL, or extradimensional, is the cleanest. No theology needed.
If you add the 70 years of human-effect reports: The demonic/ultraterrestrial idea stops looking crazy, because ET doesn’t predict fairy-like behavior.
If God exists: Demonic becomes more plausible ontologically, because you already have non-human intelligences in your metaphysics. And a preferred frame makes ET/FTL easier too. So theism raises the probability of all three.
Right now we don’t have the discriminator: a piece of the craft, a repeatable experiment, a confirmed message. Until then, the data is “consistent with” all three and “compelling for” none.
Q. Is there any evidence that our government doesn't know which theory is correct?
A. Yes — pretty strong evidence that the U.S. government doesn’t know which theory is correct.
If they did know, their behavior would look different.
Here’s what’s in the public record:
1.) Official statements: “We don’t know”
Source: ODNI Preliminary Assessment 2021.
“Limited data leaves most UAP unexplained...”
143/144 cases remain unresolved.
“We have no clear indications that any UAP are extraterrestrial.”
June 2021 ODNI 2022 Annual Report “UAP continue to represent a safety of flight and collection hazard. We have not identified any adversary or ET explanation, but that does not mean they are not.”
Jan 2023 AARO (All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office) Director Sean Kirkpatrick, Senate 2023
“We have no evidence of extraterrestrial origin, but we also have no evidence that rules it out.”
“We are investigating from a scientific perspective.”
April 2023 NASA UAP Independent Study 2023
“We find no evidence UAP are extraterrestrial. The origin remains unknown.”
Pattern: Every unclassified report uses the same language — “no evidence of ET,” but also “unexplained,” “no conclusion,” “insufficient data.” That’s not how you talk if you’ve got a crashed saucer in a hangar and know it’s from Zeta Reticuli.
2.) Actions: Building process, not hiding an answer.
1. AARO creation 2022: All-domain Anomaly Resolution Office. If DoD knew the answer, they wouldn’t start up a new office with physicists, collection managers, and a mandate to “resolve” cases. You resolve mysteries, not solved cases.
NASA hiring a UAP research director 2023. Again, you don’t fund science teams if you already have the answer classified. You fund them to get an answer.
3.) Sen. Gillibrand / Rubio UAP Amendment 2022: Requires annual reports and whistleblower protection. The fact Congress felt they needed to legislate disclosure implies they don’t think the Executive Branch has a coherent answer either.
4. *Differing agency takes: Navy pilots treat them as flight safety. DOE worries about nuke sites. FBI worried about drones. If there was a central ET/extradimensional/demonic briefing, you’d expect unified posture. Instead each group is still in “collect more data” mode.
3.) Whistleblower testimony cuts both ways.
David Grusch, July 2023 House hearing: Claimed the U.S. has “non-human” craft and bodies, and that people have been murdered to cover it up.
Problem: He admits he never saw firsthand evidence. He’s reporting what others told him. IC IG found his complaint “credible and urgent” enough to investigate, but that only means his claim of reprisal was credible, not the content.
Counterpoint: If Grusch is right, then some parts of government do know and are hiding it from Congress/AARO. But that still means the government as a whole doesn’t have a unified, agreed-upon theory. You’d have stovepipes: SAPs within SAPs.
Kirkpatrick testified AARO had interviewed 30+ Grusch witnesses and found “no verifiable info.” So even if a secret program exists, it’s not informing official UAP policy.
4.) What “knowing” would look like (and we don’t see):
1.) If the U.S. knew ET was true:- You’d expect crash-retrieval protocols, bio-containment, exobiology teams. No evidence of that in budgets, though black budgets are opaque. SETI would be pointless. Why listen for radio if you have bodies?
2.) Nuclear policy would shift. You don’t aim ICBMs at Russia if you know a K2 civilization is watching.
If they knew “demonic”: You’d see chaplains and theologians in AARO, not just physicists. You’d see Vatican coordination.
If they knew “extradimensional”:- DARPA would have a “breakthrough propulsion physics” Manhattan Project. Instead we get 1.5% of NASA’s budget for UAP study.
None of that is visible.
Bottom line:
Public evidence strongly suggests the U.S. government, as an institution, does not have a settled answer. The official line, the funding, the organizational charts all point to “we’re still figuring it out.”
Q. Could the demon hypothesis explain humans thinking they've seen retrieved alien bodies?
A. Yes — the classical demon hypothesis can explain “retrieved alien bodies” without any actual extraterrestrials or biology.*
It’s one of the oldest arguments in demonology.
Here’s how the pieces fit:
1.) What the demon hypothesis claims demons can do.
Aquinas, Summa Theologiae I, q.51 a.3 and q.110 a.3, plus Church Fathers like Augustine.
Power to form “assumed bodies” from air, dust, vapors. Not real living tissue. More like a puppet or projection. Dissolves when the demon stops sustaining it.
Manipulate senses. Can make multiple people see/hear/feel the same hallucination. Delusion of the eyes.
Move matter locally. Can stack rocks, make imprints, move small objects. Explains physical traces. Cannot create life. No souls, no *ex nihilo* biology. Only God creates life. Cannot work miracles. Only “lying wonders” — preternatural, not supernatural. 2 Thess 2:9.
So a demon can present a body that looks, feels, and even bleeds under exam — but it’s not alive and has no real history.
How that maps to “alien body” claims.
Roswell-style crash retrievals.
Scenario: Military finds a “craft” + “bodies.” Demonic explanation: The craft is an assumed body at vehicle scale — ionized air + dust + EM manipulation to give radar/metal properties. The “bodies” are assumed bodies at humanoid scale. They look biological, maybe even decompose if the demon keeps the illusion going. When the demon departs, you’re left with... nothing. Or dust. Hence no public evidence, only “it was taken to Wright-Patterson and disappeared.”
Autopsy videos / whistleblower descriptions. “Gray with big eyes, 3 fingers, no genitals.”
Demonic explanation: The form is chosen for effect. It’s theater. 1940s culture got “little green men.” 1960s got Grays after Betty/Barney Hill. Medieval culture got incubi/succubi. Same intelligence, different costume. Aquinas: demons form bodies “to suit the purpose of deception.”
Multiple witnesses + photos*
Demonic explanation: Delusion isn’t just in the head. If a demon can move photons, it can expose film or hit a CCD. Multiple people see it because the demon is presenting an objective, external stimulus — just not a real living being. Think of it as a 3D hologram with mass.
Alleged biological material. Whistleblowers sometimes claim “non-human biologics.” Demonic explanation: Either 1) The sample is real earthly matter rearranged to look alien — carbon, but in weird proteins. Or 2) The lab results themselves are manipulated — same way radar can be spoofed. If a demon can alter a Forward Looking Infrared sensor, it can alter a mass spectrometer readout.
Why would demons do this?
Classical theology + Vallée’s “control system” overlap here:
1. Deception/misdirection: 2 Cor 11:14 “Satan masquerades as an angel of light.” If your culture stops believing in angels, you show up as “space brothers.” Same game, new costume.
2. Mimicry of creation: Demons can’t create life, but they can mock it. A fake body is a blasphemous parody of the Incarnation.
3. Cult formation: Contactee religions, Heaven’s Gate, Raelians. Divert worship/attention from God to “others.”
4. Fear + confusion: UAP buzzing nukes, cattle mutilations, abduction trauma. All destabilize without giving clear answers. Vallée: “absurdity is the message.”
Why physical craft that crash?
A real crash would leave tons of exotic alloy. If there’s nothing to show, “crashed then vanished” fits demonic dissolution better than Extraterrestrial. Why let us study bodies? To seed the idea that we’re not alone and not special. Undermines Genesis, dignity of man.
Why not just appear as demons?
Our culture rejects that.
We do accept “aliens.”
How it compares to ET for “bodies”?Question "Where are the bodies now?"
ET hypothesis "Hidden in hangars. Huge conspiracy."
Demon hypothesis "Never existed as real biology. Vanished when manifestation ended."
Why humanoid?
Extraterrestrial Hypothesis
"Convergent Evolution?" "Panspermia?"
Demonic Hypothesis
"Made to be relatable + creepy. Designed for psychological impact."
Why no clear DNA?
Extraterrestrial Hypothesis
"Classsified."
Demonic Hypothesis
"Because it’s not alive. Any 'DNA' is props."
Bottom line:
If demons exist with the powers Aquinas describes, then yes — every “retrieved alien body” claim can be explained without real extraterrestrials. The body would be an assumed form, a preternatural special effect. It accounts for:
1. Multiple witnesses + photos2. No public biological evidence that survives scrutiny 3. The changing look of “aliens” to match culture4. The psychological/spiritual aftermath abductees report
*It doesn’t prove demons are the cause.* It just means the body claims don’t force you to ET. You’re left with a worldview choice: Do you accept non-physical intelligences, or do you prefer nuts-and-bolts + massive coverup?
If you start from “God exists and angels/demons are real,” this hypothesis is simpler than ET — no FTL (Faster than light), no 100-light year commute, no crashed metal to hide.
Q. So the government seems to have seriously considered a non-nuts and bolts explanation of the UFO/UAP phenomenon, and there'd be no reason to if they had retrieved alien craft and biological remains?
A. That’s the core logical tension, yeah. And you’re pointing to it exactly right.
If the government already had confirmed alien craft + bodies in a hangar, funding Vallée-type “interdimensional/consciousness” studies would be like NASA spending money to test “maybe the Moon is made of cheese” after Apollo 11.
Q. What if they had retrieved bodies and artifacts that disappeared? Could that explain both the Grusch claims and the interest in Vallee's theory?
A. Yeah — that scenario actually reconciles both Grusch and the Vallée research pretty cleanly.
It’s the “assumed bodies” idea we talked about, but applied to crash retrievals. Here’s how it would play out:
1. The “retrieved then disappeared” scenario:
Step 1: Real event happens--Military radar tracks something. It crashes or lands. Teams recover a “craft” and “bodies.” Looks nuts-and-bolts. Metal, seats, Gray humanoids. Photos, film, samples taken.
*Step 2: The stuff doesn’t behave like matter.
In storage, weird things start:
1. Isotope ratios change between measurements.
2. Material decays into dust or vanishes when not observed.
3. Bodies desiccate impossibly fast, or turn to “goo,” or just stop being there when the freezer is opened.
4. Poltergeist/hitchhiker effects follow personnel home. Psychic distress, electronics failures.
Step 3: Program realizes it’s not engineering You bring in metallurgists and they say “this isn’t an alloy we recognize.” You bring in biologists and they say “there’s no cellular structure” or “the DNA reads as noise.” You bring in physicists and they say “the mass changes.”
At that point “reverse engineering” fails. There’s nothing stable to reverse. So you pivot to “what the hell is this?”
Step 4: You fund Vallée-type research. AAWSAP/AATIP papers: wormholes, consciousness, human effects. Because the only consistent data is that the phenomenon messes with perception, shows up on sensors, and leaves psychological traces — exactly what Vallée documented.
2. How this explains both data sets.
Data point
Standard ET crash theory problem “Disappearing assumed bodies” explanation
Grusch: “We have non-human craft and bodies.”
If true, why no leaks, no paper trail, no public evidence in 70 years?
They had them, but they didn’t stay. Witnesses are telling the truth about what they saw, but the evidence won’t sit still for Congress. AARO: “We found no verifiable program.”
If Grusch is lying, why did IC IG call it urgent?
AARO looked for a nuts-and-bolts program. If the “craft” vanished, there’s no hangar to find. The program dissolved or went into “WTF studies.”
AAWSAP funding Vallée--Makes no sense if you have a Gray in formaldehyde. Makes perfect sense if your “Gray” turned to dust and gave your techs nightmares. You stop calling Lockheed and start calling physicists of consciousness.
Kirkpatrick: “No ET evidence.” Contradicts Grusch.
True statement if the evidence disappears. You can’t show Congress a body that isn’t there anymore.
“Hitchhiker effect” in DIA docs.
Why would ET craft haunt people? Classical demonic/ultraterrestrial trait. The phenomenon attaches to witnesses. Vallée predicted this in 1970s.
No crash wreckage at Roswell, etc
70 years, no public metal. There was metal, but it wasn’t metal. It was an assumed form.
This isn’t new. It’s in the literature 100+ years before Roswell:
1. Aquinas 1274: Demons form bodies from air. They appear solid, can be touched, but have no real nature. When the demon leaves, the body collapses.
2. Vallée 1969 Passport to Magonia: “The occupants are not extraterrestrial. They are a manifestation of something that can control matter and mind, but is not bound by them.” He cites 1897 airship crash in Aurora, TX — body buried, then grave found empty.
3. John Keel 1975 The Mothman Prophecies: “The phenomenon is reflective. It gives you what you expect. If you expect spaceships, you get crashed saucers that evaporate.”
4. Skinwalker Ranch NIDS 1990's: Bigelow’s team reported “entities” and “craft” that appeared, left tracks, then phased out. DIA later studied it.
What this would mean for the government:
They’re not lying about “no evidence”: If the evidence won’t stay evidence, you literally have nothing to show GAO or Congress. The program becomes a trail of memos about things that stopped existing.
2. They’re not lying about “we don’t know”: If the bodies/craft disappear, you genuinely don’t know what it is.
Is it ET with tech we can’t fathom? Interdimensional? Demonic? You’d have to study all three.
3. Compartmentalization makes sense: You’d hide it not because you have tech to exploit, but because “we recovered something that vanished and drove 3 techs insane” sounds like a career-ender. Easier to bury than brief.
Problems with this theory?
1. Still unfalsifiable*: Any lack of evidence becomes “proof it disappears.” That’s convenient.
2. Why show up as crashable at all?
If you can vanish, why let yourself be shot down / crash?
Vallée’s answer: because the point is the crash story. It’s theater to change beliefs.
3. Grusch implies ongoing programs: He said “we have” not “we had.” If they disappear, why maintain a retrieval program? Answer: because they keep showing up, and you keep hoping one stays.
Bottom line
If retrieved bodies/artifacts disappear or can’t be studied like normal matter, then yes — it explains both things:
1. Grusch’s claims: People did recover “non-human” stuff. They’re not lying.
2. AARO/AAWSAP behavior: The government doesn’t have stable ET evidence, so they genuinely fund “WTF is this?” research and tell Congress “we don’t know.”
It’s the only scenario where both sides can be telling the truth without a massive conspiracy to hide working saucers.
And it’s exactly what Vallée predicted in 1969 and what Aquinas described in 1274. The phenomenon presents as physical when it wants to interact, but isn’t bound to stay physical.
The discriminator: If one body or one gram of alloy ever didn’t disappear and made it to a real lab, the whole thing collapses to nuts-and-bolts. The fact we don’t have that, after 70+ years of alleged crashes, is itself data.
Q. If demons exist, could they manipulate radar data? Could they show up on a radar cross -section if they wanted to (without "making matter")?
A. Short answer: If you grant the premise that demons exist and have preternatural power, then yes.
They could make a radar think something is there without “making matter.”
We’re leaving physics and entering theology + philosophy here, so I’ll lay out the logic chain:
### *1. What radar actually measures
Radar isn’t seeing “matter.” It’s seeing energy reflected.
1. Pulse sent: Antenna emits radio waves, usually 1–10 GHz for military radar.2. *Reflection*: If the wave hits something conductive or with different permittivity than air, part reflects back.3. Receiver: Measures time delay = range, Doppler shift = velocity, amplitude = size/reflectivity.4. *Processing*: Software filters noise, combines pulses, draws a “track.”
So to “show up on radar” you only need to return radio energy to the receiver that looks like a solid object. You don’t need mass, cockpit, or rivets.
If a spirit can apply local force to matter, it could ionize a patch of air or create a plasma. Plasmas reflect radar beautifully — that’s how stealth aircraft hide by using plasma, or how meteors show up.
So: Demon ionizes a 10-ft ball of air → radar sees a solid “Tic-Tac” → no metal needed. Energy comes from existing atmosphere. No new matter created.
Radar is just electronics. If a demon can induce current in a wire — and Aquinas says they can move local matter — it could inject false returns right into the receiver or signal processor. Pilots + ship radar + satellite all see it because all the sensors get spoofed at once.
This is “hacking reality,” not building a craft. Like a poltergeist moving a chair, but moving electrons.
Does this match UAP data?
Yes!
UAP traits: No sonic boom, instant 600g acceleration. No mass, so no inertia. A plasma illusion or sensor hack has no mass to accelerate.
Transmedium, no splash. If there’s no object, it doesn’t displace water. Multiple sensors + eyeballs. Preternatural power affects both EM and minds. Aquinas: demons can “form bodies from air” and “delude senses.”
Why radar cross-section exists.
They want it to exist. Same reason biblical accounts have angels appearing with bodies, eating food. To interact.
Why no crash debris?
Nothing to crash. When the manifestation ends, the plasma dissipates.
Bottom line
If demons exist with Aquinas-style preternatural power--and if God allows it, then yes, they could absolutely make themselves appear on radar. They wouldn’t need to “make matter.” They’d just need to reflect radio waves, which requires only moving electrons or ionizing air. That’s well within the classical description of what a fallen angel can do to matter.
But If demons don’t exist: Radar returns imply physical tech, sensor error, or classified human tech.
So the radar data doesn’t force you to ET. It’s consistent with either nuts-and-bolts or a non-physical intelligence that wants to look like nuts-and-bolts.